Breeding discus can be a rewarding but demanding endeavor for any aquarist. Known for their bright colors and unique shapes, discus are often considered the gems of freshwater aquariums. However, their reproduction requires meticulous care and attention to detail. This guide will take you through the essential steps of breeding discus.

1. Preparing the Aquarium

Before starting discus breeding, it is crucial to prepare a suitable environment. Here are some points to consider:

• Aquarium size : An aquarium of at least 200 liters is recommended to provide enough space for the fish.
• Water quality : Discus are sensitive to water quality. Maintain a temperature between 28°C and 30°C, a pH of 6.0 to 6.5, and soft water with a hardness less than 3 dGH.
• Filtration and maintenance : Use a high quality filter and perform regular water changes (20-30% per week) to maintain clean, stable water.

2. Fish Selection

Choosing healthy and compatible fish is essential for successful breeding. Look for the following signs in fish:

• Healthy Appearance : Fish should have bright colors, intact fins, and parasite-free skin.
• Active Behavior : Discus should be active and responsive, showing an interest in food.

It is recommended to acquire a group of young discus and let them form pairs naturally. Pairs formed will be more likely to reproduce.

3. Conditioning of Breeders

To encourage reproduction, it is important to feed discus well with a varied and rich diet, including live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp and bloodworms. Slightly increase water temperature and reduce lighting to mimic natural breeding conditions.

4. Reproduction

Once a pair is formed, they will choose an egg-laying site, often a smooth surface like a leaf or a flat stone. Here are the steps to follow:

• Observation : Observe signs of egg laying, such as cleaning the chosen surface.
• Laying : The female will lay eggs that the male will fertilize. This process can take several hours.
• Incubation : Eggs hatch in 48 to 72 hours. During this period, the parents ventilate the eggs to prevent mold.

5. Care of Fry

Once the eggs hatch, the fry feed on their yolk sac for a few days before beginning to swim freely and feed on the mucus produced by the parents. After about a week, start feeding the fry with brine shrimp nauplii.

6. Growth and Separation

As the fry grow, separate them into growth tanks to prevent overpopulation and allow for adequate nutrition. Maintain optimal water quality and perform frequent water changes to ensure their healthy development.

Conclusion

Breeding discus is an exciting adventure that requires patience, dedication and a thorough understanding of their needs. By following these steps and providing careful care, you can successfully raise these magnificent fish and enjoy the beauty and satisfaction they bring to your aquarium. Good luck and happy breeding!